硅酸盐学报

高性能混凝土 (HPC)是一种具有高耐久性、高施工性能、高强度的“三高”混凝土 ,被称为是 2 1世纪混凝土 .混凝土达到高性能最重要的技术手段是使用复合超塑化剂和超细矿物质掺合料 .与普通混凝土相比 ,HPC原材料组分增加 ,混凝土均匀性、致密性提高、性能改善 .相应地 ,HPC配合比设计亦更为复杂 .国内外已经提出几种HPC配合比设计方法 ,基本上都是以经验为基础的半定量设计方法 .本文首次建立了普遍适用的混凝土体积模型 ,经科学推导求得了HPC混凝土用水量计算公式和砂率SP 计算公式 ,这两个公式揭示了混凝土组成材料内在的客观规律和必然联系 .这两个公式结合传统的水灰 (胶 )比定则 ,即可全面定量地确定混凝土各组成材料用量 ,实现HPC混凝土全计算配合比设计 .这项研究成果使混凝土配合比设计从半定量走向定量 ,从经验走向科学 ,是混凝土配合比设计上一次较大的改进 .该设计方法也适用于普通混凝土、高强混凝土、流态混凝土及其它混凝土 .

High Performance Concrete (HPC) is a kind of concrete with high durability, high strength and high workability, and has been named as “21th century concrete”. The most important technical means to make concrete with high performance is to use composite superplasticizer and super fine mineral admixture. As to ordinary concrete, HPC uses more raw materials as its components, it’s uniformity and density are raised and it’sproperties are improved. Correspondingly, HPC mix design is also more complicated. Several HPC mix design methods have been put forward both in China and abroad, all of them are semi quantitative design methods based on experience. The volume model applicable to every kind of concrete is first proposed in the paper. On the basis of the model, formulas for the water content and sand ratio in concrete are established by scientific deduction. These two formulas reveal the intrinsic positive relationship and objective law between the components of concrete. These two formulas, combining with the famous traditional “water-cement ratio law”, can determine the content of every kind of components in concrete totally and quantitatively, and are included in the so-called “overall calculation mix design”. This research result makes the concrete mix design from a semi quantitative design to a totally quantitative design based on scientific calculation rather than empirecal calculation and is a great leap in the history of mix design. Because of the generalized applicability of the model, the design method is applicable not only to HPC, but also to ordinary concrete, high strength concrete, flowing concrete and other concrete as well.