硅酸盐学报

混凝土是最大宗的人造材料,应用范围不断扩大。近期内混凝土科学技术的发展方向,首先是高强与高强轻质。本文在回顾混凝土研究的历史后建议在混凝土孔级配方面来一个突破。由于不同大小的孔对混凝土强度与有关的物理力学性能有着不同的影响,改善孔级配将显著地提高强度等性能,如能满足下列条件,就可能达到高强轻质的目的; ∑e_i=最大 ∑e_ix_i=最小式中e_i为第i孔级的分孔隙率,x_i为i孔级的强度影响系数。 可用几种方法来改善孔级配,例如加入高效外加剂、限制膨胀、聚合物浸渍等。 在研究解决了高强混凝土的脆性问题和减小截面后结构物的稳定性问题之后,用超高强混凝土(强度大于1000公斤/厘米²)与高强钢筋(强度大于20000公斤/厘米²)制造的组合材料将为建筑科学技术开辟广阔的前途。

Concrete is currently used in larger quantities than any other man-made constructionmaterials and may be even more useful in the expectant future. Among the present trends in the development of concrete science and technology, highstrength with reduced weight deserves major consideration. After reviewing the history ofconcrete research, this paper suggests that the pore-gradation study may bring about a newbreakthrough in concrete science. As the pores of different sizes have different effects onthe physico-mechanical properties of concrete, the betterment of pore gradation will improveits strength and other related properties. The condition for high-strength concrete withreduced weight may be expressed as follows: ∑ e₁=max ∑ e_1x₁=min Where e₁——porosity of the ith grade pore, x₁——it's influencing coefficient. The betterment of pore gradation will be accomplished by several methods, for exam-ple, by adding effective admixtures, by restraining expansion, by impregnating polymer,etc. After solving the problems of brittleness of high-strength concrete and stability of stru-cture with reduced sections, the prospective composite materials based on super-strengthconcrete (f'_c>1000 kg/cm²) and reinforcements (f'_s>20000 kg/cm²) will make a new epoch inbuilding science.